32 10 363 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/96d36f31e510ab515d2080520f111c08.jpg e05a75cbc1184e25140514ac2e255ab4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cromwellian Cannonball - Ballyneety, Co. Limerick Subject The topic of the resource Cromwell in Ireland Description An account of the resource Kilmurry and Cork were very much affected by the Confederate Wars of the 1640’s in Ireland. There were two incidents in particular on both sides of what is now Kilmurry Parish. The grotto in Kilmurry village was chosen as it is the site of Sceach an tSagairt which means The Priest’s Bush. Tradition has it that a number of priests or monks attached to the medieval church in the old graveyard went on the run during penal times. They hid out on Cnoc an Tobair but were captured there and were hanged from a tree on this particular site.Tradition also states that some of Cromwell’s troops stabled their horses in the medieval church in the old graveyard in Kilmurry At the far edge of Kilmurry parish is Carrigadrohid and this village was to play its part in one of the most shocking incidents in the Confederate Wars- the hanging of Bishop Boetius MacEgan. In February 1646 Boetius MacEgan was appointed chaplain-general to Owen Roe O’Neill’s army of Ulster. Before the battle of Benburb in Tyrone on 5 June 1646 MacEgan invoked the apostolic blessing on the troops and gave them a plenary indulgence. Owen Roe had given careful thought to his choice of terrain. Skirmishing continued all day. Then towards sunset the general spoke some rousing words to his troops, invoked the Holy Trinity and gave them ‘Sancta Maria’ for their battle cry. He then ordered them to charge. The Anglo-Scot army was wiped out. Irish losses were negligible. On Sunday 14 June Boetius MacEgan deposited over thirty captured battle flags in the cathedral in Limerick in the presence of the papal nuncio Archbishop Rinuccini, several bishops and members of the supreme council of the Confederation of Kilkenny. Some of the flags were sent to Kilkenny and other towns in confederate hands. Some were sent to Pope Innocent X who put them on display in St. Peter’s. On 25 March 1648, Boetius Mac Egan was consecrated Bishop of Ross. During his short episcopate he was deeply involved with the affairs of the confederation and was very highly regarded. In March 1649 the nuncio left Ireland for good. On 15 August Oliver Cromwell landed at Ringsend. Owen Roe O’Neill, the only man who might have been successful against him died at Cloughoughter castle. The Bishop of Ross played an important part in rallying the country against the enemy, to little avail. The Confederation fell to pieces. Kilkenny, the capital, surrendered on 28 March, 1650. Bishop MacEgan helped to raise an army in Kerry and on the 10 of May he was with this army who was commanded by Colonel David Roche near Macroom. On that day they were defeated by the local Cromwellian commander, Lord Broghill. The Bishop of Ross was captured and led by his captors before Carrigadrohid Castle, a strategic post still in Confederate hands. He was ordered, under threat of death, to order the garrison to surrender. He urged them to resist to the last. He was then hanged with his own reins. Six young men, two O’Riordans from Currach an Iarla, two Dinans from Killinardrish, and two O’Learys from Cul Allta spirited the bishop’s body from the English camp along the southern bank of the Lee. He was buried in Aghinagh graveyard. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Seamus O'Mahoney Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Language A language of the resource n/a Type The nature or genre of the resource metal Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0058 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 1649–1653 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/a9d90422e81d21019214aca08e570d4a.JPG 79259ebedbee12276e390771d9ff17ac https://imkarchive.org/files/original/ad3150f89c44ee67264d8b18a121069d.JPG 1a944f865a61c3ca5ea442618bf981c2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Irish Democratic Labour Federation badge Subject The topic of the resource Irish Labour Description An account of the resource It is one of the smallest items in our collection, but this tiny badge is a reminder of one of the most important movements in the decades leading up to the Irish revolutionary period. Anybody who has read any of our local historian Michael Galvin’s many books on life in Kilmurry and mid-Cork from the Famine days onward will be aware of the significant role of the labour movement in political and social developments through to the War of Independence. In fact, many of those who were centrally involved in the labour movement locally were also instrumental in the revolutionary movement. The rural labourers and small farmers of mid-Cork were most strongly represented from the turn of the century, through to the period of the First World War, by the Irish Land and Labour Association (ILLA). It was closely aligned by the 1911 elections for Macroom Rural District Council with William O’Brien’s All-for-Ireland League. This nationalist party was strongest in Cork city and county, but its conciliatory policy towards Irish unionists made its members electoral arch-enemies of the Irish Parliamentary Party and its grassroots organisation, the United Irish League. Such divisions made AFIL and ILLA activists and their local networks a prime target for organisational support when Terence MacSwiney and fellow officer of Cork’s Irish Volunteers visited Kilmurry and other parts of mid-Cork from autumn 1915, a year after the divisive split in that movement when Parliamentary Party leader John Redmond had encouraged Irish men to join the British Army in the war in Europe. All that happened, however, a quarter of a century after the formation in Cork of the Irish Democratic Labour Federation. At a meeting in Cork City Hall, Michael Davitt founded the federation in January 1890 “for the defence and advancement of the rights of labour in Ireland.” The little badge is a reminder of that event, with the words carefully embossed around the three leaves of the white-metal shamrock: “Irish Democratic Labour Federation Founded by Ml Davitt 1890 “ Weeks later, tradesmen and labourers from Macroom and districts attended the first local meeting under the auspices of the new organisation, chaired by plasterer James Galway. By June, it claimed to have nearly the entire labouring classes of the wider district among its membership, with representatives of Kilmurry including James McCarthy, a farm labourer from Coolnacarriga in Canovee. Contingents were also present at a meeting that month in Macroom’s town square from Kilmichael, Tarelton, Clondrohid, Ballyvourney, Kilnamartyra and Ballinagree. A photo of a similar gathering in Macroom’s town square drew the attention of the President of Ireland, Michael D Higgins, when he officially opened Independence Museum Kilmurry in August 2016. As he recognised, this was “a huge meeting in Macroom between land and labour workers, the people who worked the small farms and people who were agricultural labourers.” This photo shows a rally of the ILLA, clearly taken a few years after the aforementioned Irish Democratic Labour Federation event in the town. The ILLA was not formed until 1894, but it was to that organisation that the labouring classes of Kilmurry and Mid-Cork would rally in the years that followed. In fact, one of the ILLA’s founders D.D. Sheehan was to become MP for Mid-Cork in a 1901 by-election, a position he retained until the election of Terence MacSwiney for Sinn Féin in the 1918 general election. Sheehan’s later affiliation with William O’Brien’s AFIL, which took full advantage of labour support to weaken the Irish Parliamentary Party grip on nationalist voters in Cork, helped to create rifts in local politics. The Royal Irish Constabulary was regularly forced to intervene in violent clashes when crowds turned out to hear candidates associated with one party or the other speak from the stages and platforms around election times. Sheehan was repeatedly re-nominated and elected for a reason, however, as he was seen as a champion of the labouring classes. The construction of labourers’ cottages that still dot the rural countryside today are a legacy of his work in Westminster, but ILLA branches began to dwindle from around 1910 onward. Nonetheless, it was their activism within the ILLA and AFIL as organisers, rural district council candidates and members, which made many men from Kilmurry and elsewhere in mid-Cork the ones who Irish Volunteers organisers turned to in 1915. John T Murphy from Lissarda, who helped Terence MacSwiney to organise the first recruitment meeting for the Irish Volunteers at Béal na Bláth, was a former ILLA county organiser. He would go on to be MacSwiney’s director of elections at the 1918 general election. Others centrally involved in the establishment of the local company of the Irish Volunteers included the Long family of Béal na Bláth, Daniel Murphy and Tom Taylor from nearby Pullerick, and Jeremiah Dunne from Canovee, all of whom had strong ILLA and AFIL connections too. Patrick Long and Dunne, a long-standing Fenian and local Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) leader, both represented O’Brien’s party on Macroom Rural District Council between 1911 and 1914. But it was the formation of the Irish Democratic Labour Federation in the early 1890s, recalled in this simple little badge, which helped to plant a seed for local labour organisation. And that activism would later lend itself to the establishment of the Irish Volunteers in Kilmurry, and to the parish’s role in the War of Independence. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource metal Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0533 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 19th Century https://imkarchive.org/files/original/dc08a474b057dfbb4f4fb58283e9c876.JPG d8d90302d1fb176f82583ea7ba7df329 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/c5859e9c518661701f9d51738aebd5aa.JPG d118797929b9ddb9708e55dee1fa3f74 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/ffdc3a2e48c22d6ed1fb39faf37b61d6.JPG ff4c3dd860106cc31869c503830b1119 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/0d9b79b8ea268b890059b3dd79995964.JPG c2a70f9c0c260cf79721abaefb95984d https://imkarchive.org/files/original/398cb22ff8f5f14431ad7113080b0b44.JPG ff4c3dd860106cc31869c503830b1119 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/f373e7252b7fd8170c5af1269782da7f.JPG ff4c3dd860106cc31869c503830b1119 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Apprentice Table made by the late William Philip Allen - Manchester Martyr 1867 Subject The topic of the resource Manchester Martyrs, Fenians Description An account of the resource A few short years before his young life was taken from him and he would be remembered forever as a Fenian martyr, William Philip Allen was apprenticed to a Master carpenter in Bandon, Co. Cork. During that time the young apprentice made a table that still exists today, over 150 years later! Now a prominent and key item in our Independence Museum Kilmurry collection, the table has been a part of our archive for many years; from the time of our previous 50 year existence as The Terence McSwiney Memorial Museum. That the table is still in such a sound state today is a testament not only to the obvious craftsmanship of the young apprentice but more so to his enduring legacy as one of the Manchester Martyrs. A Tipperary native his family transferred to Bandon when his father became a turnkey at the local Bridewell. Although raised in his father’s Protestant faith and educated at a Training School under that religion in Bandon, his Catholic mother saw to it that he also studied under the direction of her own faith. By all accounts a conspicuously intelligent and thoughtful student his particular strengths lay in the fields of algebra and drawing. Most likely under the influence of his mother and his extra-curricular Catholic teachers the young Allen would later on in his teens be received into the Catholic faith. A few years before this the young Allen came under the influence of Fenians in the town and eventually joined that organisation. For reasons unclear, but most likely due to his increasing activity within the Fenian organisation, he did not complete his apprenticeship but ended up working later on in Manchester, England for one of the principal builders in that city; having gone there to stay with relations. Being an active and enthusiastic member of the Fenians there it is no great surprise that Allen was at the forefront of attempts to rescue his friend, Fenian Leader Colonel Thomas J. Kelly (“I’ll die for you before I deliver you up!”) and Cork Centre (unit leader) Timothy Deasy. While it is undoubted that Allen was a key member of the successful rescue attempt that freed both Colonel Kelly and Captain Timothy Deasy, while being transferred to prison in Manchester, there is much doubt surrounding Allen’s role in the killing of Police Sergeant Charles Brett during that ambush. However Allen and his Fenian companions, Michael Larkin and Michael O’Brien, would be hanged for common murder even though the charge and indeed the trial itself were highly questionable. From the British point of view, they had hoped that this would put to bed the so-called Fenian scare that was perceived as a threat to the Empire (let alone the North of England) and political stability. The truth however was that this was a major boost to the Fenian cause which at that time was at something of an impasse in strategic terms and not being able to muster major support at home in Ireland. A point that was not lost at the time on no less an observer than Friedrich Engels, who wrote the following to Karl Marx: “So yesterday morning the Tories….accomplished the final act of separation between England and Ireland. The only thing that the Fenians still lacked were martyrs….. Only the execution of the three has made the liberation of Kelly and Deasy the heroic deed which will now be sung to every Irish babe in the cradle in Ireland….” The brutal injustice of the treatment of these men contrasted with the Fenian traits of stoicism, manliness and principled behaviour displayed by them- this led to an immediate awakening of Irish Nationalism both at home and abroad. Their speeches from the dock and the unquestionable idealism of the men, especially their rallying cry of “God Save Ireland” ensured that they would become iconic figures of the Nationalist struggle. The religious undertones of the sobriquet, Manchester Martyrs (all 3 were said to be devout Catholics who were denied a Christian burial) indicated the tacit acceptance by the Catholic Church, up to now no friend of the Fenians, of the injustice done to the men. All over Ireland (also in some other jurisdictions) masses and mock funerals were held (from then on most commemorations would involve some religious iconography – thus fusing the cause of Nationalism with religious freedom.) For 50 years the anniversary date of the execution of the Manchester Martyrs on 23rd of November would supplant the 17th of March as the crucial date in the Nationalist calendar, only losing its pre-eminence post-1916 when the executed leaders of the 1916 Rising would eventually take up that mantle. However, even in the post-1916 period the anniversary was still widely commemorated. In 1917 the anniversary provided an opportunity for returned internees from Frongoch and recent Irish Volunteer recruits to muster a public show of strength in defiance of the Defence of the Realm Act (DORA); then widely used as a method to suppress and use courts-martial against the re-organising threat from the Volunteers. One such bold public display of this new found confidence and defiance was held over one hundred years ago November 1917 – just adjacent to where our museum now stands. Kilmurry village witnessed a torchlight procession – a scene repeated throughout the country – by Volunteers in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Manchester Martyrs making its way through the village, ending at the graveyard on top of the village. The importance of the religious aspects of the commemorations and the many local connections would have a galvanising effect on the local Volunteers in the forthcoming revolutionary period. Liam Deasy – veteran of the War of Independence and Civil War – recollected in his book ”Towards Ireland Free” that in his childhood the tale of the Manchester Martyrs was constantly being told and retold at the fireside. He also emphasised the importance of the local connection with Allen himself and that of the Fenian Timothy Deasy (Colliers Quay) in whose escape Allen was instrumental. The importance of the commemoration date to Liam Deasy was such that to ”miss it would have been akin to missing Sunday Mass!” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource William Philip Allen (April 1848 - 23 November 1867 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Reen Family, Bandon, Co. Cork Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 19th Century Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Type The nature or genre of the resource wood Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0227 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 19th Century https://imkarchive.org/files/original/ca498e6b398c539234218161473efcf9.JPG 51315b622c72bd597bcb49a167c81db2 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/8dcbc29c0bd01910461d68021c12016e.JPG 7f16038e80149f0dc923758dabbac778 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Princess Mary Christmas gift box Subject The topic of the resource First World War, Allies, Entente Powers Description An account of the resource The Princess Mary 1914 Christmas Gift Box was a brass box that was intended as a Christmas present for ‘every sailor afloat and every soldier at the front’ in the Great War on Christmas Day 1914. This ‘gift from the nation’ was named after Princess Mary, the seventeen year old daughter of King George V and Queen Mary, whose original idea it was. However the scale of the project was such that a ‘Sailors & Soldiers Christmas Fund’ was established to invite monetary contributions from the public. The response to the sincerity and earnestness of the young Princess’ personal appeal was such that the original idea was extended to include all those serving, either at home or abroad. Due to the phenomenal response from the public the fund was in surplus. Thus distribution criteria were able to be extended to meet the increasing demand with many service people feeling they had been ‘left out’. Eventually all who were serving whether at home or abroad, prisoners of war and the next of kin of 1914 casualties would receive the gift box; eventually over 2,600,000 people were to benefit from the widened eligibility. The gift was a brass box (silver for the officer class – plus ça change!) which featured a relief portrait of the young Princess flanked by a double monogram as well as reliefs referring to the allied Nations. The gift initially included an embossed brass box, one ounce of pipe tobacco, twenty cigarettes, a pipe, a tinder lighter, Christmas card and photograph (packet of acid tablets, a khaki writing case containing bullet pencil, paper for boys and/or non-smokers in place of tobacco items). Provision was also made for the religious and dietary sensibilities of Indian troops. Given the vastly expanded constituency for the gift recipients it was impossible to manufacture, supply and distribute the gifts by Christmas Day 1914 to those other than troops serving at the front – later recipients who only got their gift in 1915 received a New Year 2015 card instead of a Christmas 2014 card. In fact so vast was the task of getting the items to over 2,600,000 people that some only received their gifts after the Armistice in 1918! Obviously there was a strain on the availability of brass during wartime and arrangements were made for the supply of some 45 tonnes of brass strip from the United States of America, which at that time, May 1915, had still not entered the war. The ship used to transport the shipment was none other than the RMS Lusitania, which was torpedoed 18 km off the Old Head of Kinsale and inside the war zone as declared by the Germans. While it might have been a stretch to justify the sinking of an ocean liner with the loss of 1,198 lives on the basis that it was carrying 45 tonnes of brass strip for the ‘war effort’ it was subsequently learned that the ocean liner did have a substantial cargo of munitions on board. Apart from the fact that so many were distributed, another reason so many still exist is testament to the quality of brass and workmanship that went to make up each box – at least those made earlier in the war – subsequent boxes were made of inferior metal plated alloy. Consequently those were not as treasured as the earlier issue which were relatively airtight and as such were useful for keepsakes, photographs, papers, etc., long after their original contents were gone. It is estimated that fifty or so Kilmurry men saw service in the Great War. In his book Kilmurry 1915-1918: The War Years (Cork: self-published, 2015) local historian Michael Galvin has recorded their service and the fact that at least 14 perished in the war. Generally recruitment numbers in rural areas was less than those in urban areas; the general trend was that rural recruitment tended to be mostly farmer’s sons, although Kilmurry Parish had quite a high percentage of recruits from local gentry families. As Michael states in his book, whatever the various reasons or motivations that sent these young men to war there was no doubting their raw courage. One of the 14 who never returned home was a Shandangan man, John Barry, a Royal Navy sailor who lost his life in a submarine explosion in the North Sea on St. Stephen Day, Christmas 1915. While the particular provenance of the brass box (one of the earlier brass embossed ones) exhibited in the Independence Museum Kilmurry collection is unknown, it is quite likely that it belonged to one of the Kilmurry men who served. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1914-1920 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource metal Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0560 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 1914-1920, https://imkarchive.org/files/original/113c641e5b768b02a2a92ea46bd26e73.JPG ac1667cace6f1df563e6709e01ad8476 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/08fd73f4e6929d8620cd94ffe72aaa49.JPG f4d79014b3766659f8480f8710bd0f50 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Racehorse Shoe Owned by Abraham Morris. Subject The topic of the resource Art Ó Laoghaire, Caoineadh Airt Uí Laoghaire, Eibhlín Dubh Ní Chonaill, Abraham Morris, Kilcrea Friary, Hanover Hall, Macroom, Carrignanimma Description An account of the resource Abraham Morris was a member of the landed gentry and a magistrate who would have probably never been remembered in history only for a feud that he became involved in with Art Ó Laoghaire. This incident would be immortalised in the poem “Caoineadh Airt Ui Laoghaire” by Art’s widow Eibhlín Dubh Ní Chonnaill. These events all took place in the Penal Law times and show the real hatred and difficulty between the Settler Protestant and the local Catholic population at this time. Art Ó Laoghaire was born in 1746 in Uibh Laoghaire on lands that had been held by his family for generations. At some stage in his youth they moved to Rathleigh House. His father acted as a Land Agent for the Minhear Family of Carrigaphooka. This would have enabled the Ó Laoghaire’s to have a comfortable life despite being a Catholic family during the Penal times. Art purchased a commission in the Austrian Army and served as a captain in the Hungarian Hussars Regiment. Around this time, Art also fell in love with Eibhlín Dubh O’Connell of Derrynane House in Kerry. They met in Macroom Town Square. Eilbhín was an aunt of Daniel O’Connell the Liberator. The O’Connell’s however were against the match and so they eloped. It would seem from the accounts of the time that Art was a brash young man, proud of his lineage and his officer status and it would appear that it was this that got him into trouble with Abraham Morris. There was a history of bad blood between Art and Morris who was High Sheriff of County Cork in 1771. On the 13th of July 1771 there was an encounter between the two men at Hanover Hall. The first notice of this is on 19 August when Art stated in the Cork Evening Post that he had been charged with different crimes and that he was prepared to stand trial at the next Assizes in Cork. This was answered by Morris on the 7th of October in which he outlined his charges against Art from that earlier incident in July. Morris’s fellow magistrates in the Muskerry Constitutional Society agreed and three days later judged Art in his absence. He was outlawed and a price of 20 guineas was put on his head. On the 19th of October Art replied through the same newspaper and defended himself from the charge and stated that judgement should be suspended until he has had a fair trial. Events seemed to die down for a while as Art was away in Austria until early in 1773. The event that led to the fatal culmination of the feud was over a fine horse that Art had brought back from Austria. Morris demanded that Art sell him the horse for 5 pounds. The Penal laws stated that no Catholic could own a horse worth more than 5 pounds. Art refused the sale and struck Morris with his horse whip. He also challenged Morris to a duel, which was declined.. Morris however had other plans. He used his position as a magistrate and convinced his fellow magistrates to support him and proclaim Art as an outlaw. Art Ó Laoghaire could now be shot on sight legally. On the 4th of May 1773, Abraham Morris was in Millstreet on business which Art heard about and set off to Carriganimma to intercept and possibly kill Morris. It is said that Art was drinking in the Inn in Carriganimma and boasting of what he was going to do to Morris. One of the people at the Inn slipped away and rode towards Millstreet to warn Morris. Morris on hearing this then returned to Millstreet and took a posse of soldiers with him to Carriganimma to set up an ambush for Art Ó Laoghaire. Art rode into the view of the soldiers and Morris gave the order to shoot. Art was shot in the neck and fell off his horse over a hundred yards away. He was then left to die by the soldiers. At a Coroner’s inquest held on the 17th May a verdict was returned that Abraham Morris and the party of soldiers were guilty of the wilful and wanton murder of Art Ó Laoghaire. Art’s brother Cornelius decided to seek revenge for his brother. He rode into Cork city on the 7th of July and arrived to Mr. Boyce’s house in Hammonds Lane where Morris was staying. He saw Morris at a window and shot three times, wounding him. Cornelius then took passage to France and from there to America. The local gentry were outraged by this attack and a Proclamation was issued on the 26th of July for Cornelius and large sums were offered as a reward for his capture. However, Cornelius was long gone. On the 4th of September Abraham Morris submitted himself to trial by the local Magistrates. The Ó Laoghaire family were not represented and the soldiers involved had been sent to the East India colonies. He was tried and honourably acquitted. Abraham Morris died in September 1775 from the wounds that he had received in the shooting by Art’s brother Cornelius two years previously.[1] The horseshoe on display in the Independence Museum Kilmurry is from a racehorse owned by Abraham Morris [1] The life and times of Art O Laoghaire by Peter O’Leary Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Paud Casey Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 18th Century Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource metal, wood Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0288 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 18th Century Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rush light Holder from Kilkea Castle – Home of the Fitzgeralds Subject The topic of the resource Fitzgeralds, Kilkea Castle Description An account of the resource Even though the Independence Museum Kilmurry is situated in the heart of the War of Independence battlegrounds there was little or no recorded activity around this area during the United Irishmen Rebellion of 1798. This rebellion still being sung about nationally to this day seems to have passed this area by. This was probably due in no small part to the local militias led by the landed gentry of the mid-Cork area like the Warrens and the Ryes. However we do have one artefact and it comes from the home of one of the main instigators of that rebellion. The item is a rush light holder. A rush light is a type of candle or miniature torch formed by soaking the dried pith of the rush plant in fat or grease. For several centuries rush lights were a common source of artificial light for people throughout Ireland. This particular rush light holder comes from Kilkea Castle in Kildare and this castle was home to Fitzgeralds, earls of Kildare, one of which was.Lord Edward Fitzgerald. Lord Edward Fitzgerald was born the twelfth son of James Fitzgerald the 1st Duke of Leinster on October 15th 1763. As was the custom of the time he joined the British Army and fought against the Americans in 1781 in the American War of Independence. He was first elected to the Parliament of Ireland in 1783. His support for the French Revolution led to his dismissal from the army. This sense of revolution in Europe along with the continuing barring of Catholics from society led to the setting up of the United Irishmen in 1791 by Wolfe Tone, James Napper Tandy and Thomas Russell. Their main aims were Catholic Emancipation and with Protestant cooperation parliamentary reform. However the British government suppressed the United Irishmen and the society went underground and refocused its aim to complete Irish independence. It was into this society that Lord Edward Fitzgerald joined in1796. In May 1796 he and his wife proceeded by Hamburg to Basle, for the purpose of communicating with the agents of the French Government relative to obtaining armed assistance in Ireland. It is now known that his proceedings were carefully watched by spies, and information of all his negotiations conveyed to Pitt. In the spring of 1797 Edward J. Lewins was sent to France by the Leinster Directory of United Irishmen, and resided at Paris as accredited agent of “the Irish nation.” In May of the same year Lord Edward again visited the Continent, and met an emissary of the French Government. Wolfe Tone was then, and had been for some time, working within France. Meanwhile the United Irish leaders were working from without, urging on the French expeditions that eventually led to the failed invasion at Bantry Bay in December 1796, Humbert’s landing at Killala in August 179 , the proclamation of the Republic of Connaught and the engagement off Lough Swilly in September 1798, in which Wolfe Tone was taken prisoner. Lord Edward now assumed the military leadership of the United Irishmen, determined to assert by arms the independence of Ireland. He was well qualified with his military experience. It was decided that the rebellion would be held in March 1798. The society planned to have 270,000 men armed for the rebellion. As the time got closer it was said to Lord Edward that he might be forced out of the country. On this he said “It is now out of the question; I am too deeply pledged to these men to be able to withdraw with honour” On the 12th March 1798 he was at his residence in Leinster House the present day seat of Dail Eireann when the military tried to arrest him. His papers were examined but he was let go. He then went on the run until the 19th of May. He stayed in various places in the city and was visited by a man named Reynolds, who unbeknownst to Lord Edward was an informer. It was during this time that the United Irishmen decided that the French could no longer be relied upon for support so it was decided that Lord Edward would lead them into battle on 23 May 1798. On the 17th May he arrived to a Mr. Murphy, a feather merchant on 153 Thomas Street. With a reward of a thousand pounds on his head he stayed in a valley on the roof of an outhouse. The following day while sick in bed the house was surrounded and soldiers rushed in and up to the room he was in. In the struggle that followed Lord Edward shot more than one of the soldiers. He however was shot in the arm and arrested. He was taken under heavy guard to Dublin Castle and then onto Newgate prison. Newgate Prison was located near Smithfield and had been built 25 years earlier. This prison closed in 1863. Lord Edward Fitzgerald lingered on from his mortal wounds for sixteen days and through this time all communication with his friends and relatives was denied. He died at two on the morning of 4 June 1798. The 1798 rebellion although failed had far reaching consequences for Ireland. William Pitt the Younger used it as the reason to tighten Britain’s grip on Ireland. The 1800 Act of Union led to the amalgamation of the parliaments of Britain and Ireland. This act came into being on January 1st 1801. There would not be another parliament in Ireland until 1918. The United Irishmen made one last bid for independence in 1803 under Robert Emmett but this rebellion was even less successful than its previous rebellion. The United Irishmen then faded into history but remained in lore as an inspiration to following revolutionary generations. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Denis Lucey, Macroom Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1100-1798 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Type The nature or genre of the resource metal, wood Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0002 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 12th Century, 13th Century, 14th Century, 15th Century, 16th Century, 17th Century, 18th Century, https://imkarchive.org/files/original/88318021029769036e6c37499ab6b1ce.jpg 9794902e89cee20a5ba040cf870c757b https://imkarchive.org/files/original/ee5bddc76ea56573785bf3f715d17131.jpg 62cce38744fec58474b74e87e425d91f https://imkarchive.org/files/original/c31125e1102b139f819d6101130d9d6c.jpg 219519c81a7e0e98585dfbab35c7e9b5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Soup House Cross Famine Pot Subject The topic of the resource Irish Famine, an Gorta Mór, Sir Augustus Warren Description An account of the resource The Great Irish Potato Famine began in 1845 and due to further potato blights and poor growing weather lasted until 1852. It had a catastrophic and long lasting effect on the Irish population. Over 1 million people died and 1 million people were forced to emigrate to escape the Great Hunger. Kilmurry parish and its environs were no different to the rest of the country in this regard. One of the enduring symbols of the famine was the famine pot and the one in the picture is from Soup House Cross in the Canovee side of Kilmurry parish. The soup houses came into being after the 1847 Soup Kitchen Act. This was in response to the ongoing food crisis in Ireland and a growing unease among the public in Britain at the devastation. Although it has to be said this concern was not shared by all in the British Government. These soup houses were set up by the relief committees, landlords and the Quakers, with 17,000 pints of soup being handed out in West Cork on a daily basis in one month alone. On 13 January 1847 Sir Augustus Warren presided at a meeting to set up soup depots in the parish of Kilmurry. Death and disease were rising sharply. Soup kitchens were set up at the Soup House Cross, Knockavullig, Forrest, Ministers Cross, Aherla, Shandangan, Kilmurry and Curraclough. The soup houses were 40 feet long by 30 feet wide with a door at each end. The pot itself was in the centre and held 30 gallons of soup, there were 100 bowls with spoons provided. As soon as the soup was ready a bell rang and the people shuffled in one door, ate their soup with one portion of bread and shuffled out the other door. The following numbers give some idea of the scale of rations handed out in the parish of Kilmurry in 1847. These were on a daily basis ; Kilbonane 594, Moviddy now Crookstown 1,667, Canovee 640 and Kilmurry 2,645 These numbers add up to 5,546 rations being handed out in the parish alone. Sir Augustus Warren in writing to the Famine relief Commission summed up the situation by writing the following “Miserable as it is, if indeed it can be called relief, will lead to widespread starvation and death will have full liberty to move among its victims.” The famine ended in 1852 but the population had been decimated. Figures from two townlands which bordered the Soup House Cross bear this out. Coolnasoon had fallen from 47 people to 22 and Mahallagh had gone from 271 to 66. Another townland in Kilmurry, Inchirahilly had fallen from 216 to 11. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1845–1852 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource metal Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0358 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 1845–1852 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/39c5c34cf672e3b70191a43d37368c52.jpg 38dc96ea20ec65c73f48139cb3f589c1 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/1f9aee0d29e7b61b1fe4733a648dc1e4.JPG 3bcbd02bbb4a7a18a818333a7dfeb1e4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Old school seat from Kilmurry Boys School Subject The topic of the resource Kilmurry N.S., St. Mary's Church Description An account of the resource An application for “Kilmurry School, Barony of West Muskerry, Townland of Ballymichael”, was made by Rev. Jas. Daly PP Kilmurry, dated 31st July 1849. Among the many queries to be answered on the application form to the Board of Commissioners was, “when was the existing school established?”- The answer given was, “ten years ago in the adjacent building”. That being so there was a school in Kilmurry in 1839, adjacent to the site that Independence Museum Kilmurry now occupies. Before the introduction of National Schools into Ireland in 1831, many private schools or hedge schools operated throughout the country but children had to pay to attend. The school in Kilmurry fell into that category; privately owned and run by the teacher Mr. Tim Sheehan. In the absence of a suitable site in which to build a new National School a case would have to be made for housing the new Kilmurry National School in the aforementioned building. At stake was the two-thirds funding by the British Government of the project which would fund the teacher’s salary and ensure free education for the local children. The parish priest of Kilmurry at that time was Rev. James Daly and he was hopeful that the Education Commission would look favourably upon the situation in the village. In his application to the Education Commission he pointed out that the building in which the school would be housed was neat, comfortable and nearly new; “Measuring 27 Ft. by 13 Ft. It is well lit, furnished with 7 desks and 14 forums (seats).” The likelihood that the forum (bench) on display in Independence Museum Kilmurry is one of those original benches that survived the transition to a new building when a new Boys National School and a new Girls National School opened a hundred yards further up the village in 1862. Given that these momentous developments happened at a time when the village and people were still suffering from the fallout of the Great Famine, it is a testament to the determination and desire of both PP Canon Daly and Headmaster Tim Sheehan that the present and future children of the area should not want for an education opportunity. This seat is a reminder of that legacy. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-1950 's Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Type The nature or genre of the resource wood Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0319 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 19th Century, 20th Century Relation A related resource KHAA.IMK.1184 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/7455d7b2a866f072593c225c96729085.JPG f9f44da58993b9cc03d5a8e3e21b1970 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/c4ea8406fda3fad1eb05239f0b2d03da.JPG 8e91f71bd63a84bb6a34e5140acd5ce8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Total Abstinence Society of Ireland Medal Description An account of the resource The early days of January each year are usually devoted to the often futile attempt of adopting a new year’s resolution. However it might be sobering to contemplate a small medal in the collection of Independence Museum Kilmurry that reflects the roots and huge success of one of the most extraordinary (however brief) mass movements in Irish social history, ultimately enlisting millions of Irish men and women. Although a teetotalism movement was already underway in Cork it was under the leadership of Father (Theobald) Mathew, from 1836, that the Cork Total Abstinence Society took off; under his influence branches of the organization soon spread throughout every parish in Ireland despite being badly disrupted by the Great Famine. The mass pledging (some 3 million people or roughly half the population) that ensued no doubt had the effect of reducing alcohol consumption and the knock on effect on the crime statistics of the period is significant. It was recorded that robberies, assaults, arson and even homicides were thus reduced by half in the pre-Famine period before 1845. Bringing his message further afield to England Father Mathew’s crusade yielded similar success. In 1849 he visited America but while there he fell afoul of the Abolitionist (to abolish slavery) movement whereby, having had to give assurances to the Catholic Hierarchy there that he would not stray outside his remit of battling alcohol consumption, he had to refuse an invitation to condemn slavery. This soured his deep friendship with the former slave and famous abolitionist Frederick Douglass who had been so impressed by his interaction with Father Mathew on his visit to Cork in 1845 that he undertook to receive the pledge from Father Mathew himself. Having co-signed a petition in 1841, with Daniel O’Connell (along with 60,000 Irish people) encouraging the Irish in the U.S. not to partake in slavery and given his own efforts for the downtrodden and marginalised in Cork there was little doubt which side of the debate held the sympathies of Father Matthew. However as he was basically on a fund-raising effort for the temperance movement he was reluctant to muddy the focus of his efforts; “I have as much as I can do to save men from the slavery of intemperance, without attempting the overthrow of any other kind of slavery.”. It does seem that Douglass realised the reasoning behind the decision but held no sympathy with it, ‘we had fondly hoped … that he would not change his morality by changing his location … We are however grieved, humbled and mortified to know that HE too, has fallen.’ Their mutual friendship never recovered. It does seem that the success of his movement was also its downfall…..in that it attracted the unwanted attention of other movements which were covetous of its sizeable membership and network. One of these was nationalist leader Daniel O’ Connell’s who opportunistically co-opted the temperance movement to further his agitation for repeal of the union between Ireland and Britain; likely taking advantage of already existing associational networks and mass gatherings. In the regeneration of national consciousness on the centenary of the 1798 Rebellion, Fr. Mathew had at least 3 dedications in his name thus indicating the influence that his temperance movement had on the resurgent nationalist movement; much as the Gaelic League was likewise at that time identified with and shared many members with the turn of the century temperance movements, “Ireland sober is Ireland free". Whatever the reason(s) Fr. Mathew’s movement eventually broke down and sobriety also duly decreased amongst the population. He is fondly remembered in Cork today more for his association with the City and his lasting effort on behalf of its more unfortunate citizens than for any long term effect of endeavours on behalf of the temperance movement; his imposing statue on Cork’s St. Patricks St., is regularly adorned with empty alcohol bottles from the previous night’s activities. That this cheeky activity is more out of affection rather than any disrespect to the Capuchin friar became manifest in 2000 when a proposed plan to remove ‘The Statue’ to another location in the City was shot down when met with widespread opposition among the people of the City. Fr. Mathew is buried in Cork’s St. Josephs Cemetery which he himself had helped establish to facilitate the burial of the Catholic poor of the City. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This medal was found in a sandbank near Bellmount Mills, 1938. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Relation A related resource KHAA.IMK.0570 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource metal Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0149 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm 19th Century https://imkarchive.org/files/original/0fae11b5c003c94dc53ccfe5ef60991b.JPG a45572ffe3dc324e97d013f906b44bc9 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/871ee05953822bc805d9a6bd01ef5322.JPG 39a5ae33bb797dbe82c9228141188635 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/3f4ac619569417af793fd67aeae83a89.JPG 933f3daa71ac44623e7eaf3ff0d04271 https://imkarchive.org/files/original/3eb99917b459476f9a06020946e11cbe.JPG ec684d6501eb4029052de722826db46f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Souvenir of World War I - converted Brass Shell > Utensil and Bullet-Knife Subject The topic of the resource First World War Description An account of the resource Trench art from First World War Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nurse Elizabeth O'Connor Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Independence Museum Kilmurry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource physical object Language A language of the resource fr Type The nature or genre of the resource metal Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context KHAA.IMK.0188 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm Relation A related resource KHAA.IMK.0189